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Seven bending techniques

Not sure which punch and die you need? Start from the job. Each technique maps to the right tooling — tell us the one you run and we specify the tools.

01

Air Bending

The workpiece touches only the punch tip and the die shoulders — three-point forming. Most versatile: one V-die covers a range of angles. V ≈ 6–8× thickness.

02

Bottom Bending

The punch presses the sheet fully into the die for tighter angle tolerance and less springback. Requires matched punch/die angle.

03

Hemming & Flattening

Fold then flatten a hem to a closed or teardrop edge. Uses a flattening punch with a hemming (spring) die.

04

Box Bending

Deep four-sided boxes need gooseneck punches with enough throat clearance to clear the formed flanges.

05

Offset / Z-Bending

Two close bends forming a step. Dedicated Z-type / joggle tooling produces the offset in a single stroke.

06

Large-Radius Bending

Wide radii formed with R-type punches or by bump/step bending over a wide V-die. R3 to R60 and above.

07

Mark-Free Bending

Radiused, polished die shoulders and non-marking options (urethane pads or rollers) protect the surface on stainless and pre-finished sheet.

08

Don't see your bend?

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